Its damage is similar to the produced one by the cockroaches. The known ones like ” lice of libros” , Trogium pulsatorium and Liposcelis divinatorius, usually are shortages very behind schedule, since the damage that they produce does not become general quickly. The coleopters, order animal that among others includes to escarabajos or fireflies and includes a quarter of all the animal, also counts on detrimental families in libraries and archives, like the Anbidos, insects of coarse body and dull coloration that can digest the cellulose partially and are attracted by the fungi that can have the paper. Fungi and gases Unfortunately, the insects are not the unique alive beings who destroy books. Many very small, bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms are another one you damage of them to fight. This it is the case of the archives of the Spanish Film library, where diverse common bacteria are aggravating the color of the films and threaten their destruction. ” The gelatin of the emulsion of the films is a protein mixture obtained of the colgeno of animal, which turns into a natural food of many bacteria and fungi, that produce damages tremendos” , it explains Alfonso of Amo, head of investigation of the Film library Spanish.In order to avoid the deterioration, this organism started up four years ago a project in collaboration with the Institute of Science and Polymer Technology of the CSIC (Advice Superior of Scientific researches) and the Department of Microbiology III of the University of Alcala of Madrid, also financed by Fotofilm, the greater laboratory of cinematographic developing of Spain. The scientific equipment, directed by the professor of investigation of the CSIC Fernando Catherine, has found up to 14 stocks different from bacteria, habitual in our innocuous mucous and for the humans, on who 7 are fed on the gelatin used in cinematographic rolls.
As these organisms are developed better in humid atmospheres, the problem is more important in the archives located in coastal zones, like the one of the CGAI of A Corunna or the Basque Film library of San Sebastin, and especially in the autonomic film libraries of Barcelona, Valencia and the Canary Islands, with temperatures that surpass the 30 degrees frequently and one environmental humidity superior to 60%. On the other hand, gases and particles also contribute to the deterioration of the collections of libraries and archives. The gaseous pollutants – especially sulphur dioxide, the nitrogen oxides, the peroxides and ozone bring about the acid formation in the paper and the leather. Also, the emissions of automobiles and industries from the outside, and the cigarette smoke, soot, the machines photocopiers, certain types of construction equipments, paintings, sealants, cleaning substances, etc., from the interior are sources of contamination of human origin that constitute another potential danger. Compiled By.